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Reporter's privilege
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Reporter's privilege : ウィキペディア英語版
Reporter's privilege

Reporter's privilege in the United States (also journalist's privilege, newsman's privilege, or press privilege), is a "reporter's protection under constitutional or statutory law, from being compelled to testify about confidential information or sources."〔''Black's Law Dictionary'', Ninth Ed. 2004 WEST PUBLISHING Thompson Rueters 2009.〕 It may be described in the US as the qualified (limited) First Amendment or statutory right many jurisdictions have given to journalists in protecting their confidential sources from discovery. 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=LexMedia )
The First, Second, Third, Fifth, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and D.C. Circuits have all held that a qualified reporter's privilege exists. In the recent case of ''U.S. v. Sterling'', the Fourth expressly denied a reporter's privilege exists under ''Branzburg''. Furthermore, forty states and the District of Columbia have enacted statutes called shield laws protecting journalists' anonymous sources.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Number of states with shield law climbs to 40 )
==United States==


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